The adjustable gastric band is a simple and less invasive surgical weight-loss procedure. In some obese people, attempts at conventional dieting and exercise will fail, and their weight means a far higher risk of health problems later in life. It is at this point that their doctor may suggest gastric banding. The principle is a simple one. Most people eat when they feel hungry, and when their stomachs are full, they stop.

First approved by the FDA in June 2001, the gastric band is used to reduce the size of the stomach by positioning it around the upper part of the stomach. This forms a small gastric pouch that holds a smaller amount of food, creating the sensation of fullness sooner and for a longer period of time.

One unique advantage is the band's adjustability. During the surgical procedure, saline is injected into a port which tightens the band and increases the amount of restriction around the stomach. This results in reducing the amount of food that you can consume. If the band is too tight the surgeon can remove saline from the port.

Because the adjustable gastric band only restricts consumption, nutritional absorption still occurs, minimising the risk of vitamin deficiencies. The operation leaves a silicone loop tightened about three-quarters of the way up the stomach, creating a much smaller space at the top, with a tiny gap leading to the rest of the stomach.

In addition, the stomach and the intestines stay intact and no part of the digestive system is rerouted. However, the band restriction results in a slightly slower weight.